Thoughts on the duration of one treatment and on our training compared t...

The group I mention I was a part of, had to do with the study titled "Reflexology-specific guidance for using the TIDieR checklist: A Delphi study" I particpated in this study on the panel of experts in a three-round online Delphi process. During this process a structured communication and forecasting method was used to achieve consensus on the content of the Reflexology specific guidance. This was followed by online meetings to refine the wording and agree on illustrative examples. The primary goal of the study was to improve the completeness and transparency of reporting reflexology interventions, which historically has been a barrier to the therapy's replication, meta-analysis, and broader acceptance in evidence-based practice. The study titled "Reflexology-specific guidance for using the TIDieR checklist: A Delphi study" developed and validated a set of comprehensive, standardized guidelines for the reporting of reflexology interventions in research publications. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876382024000854

New Reflexology research in France with fMRI

 

The Toulouse University Hospital and the ToNIC brain research unit are launching a study to identify what happens in the brain during a plantar reflexology session. Volunteers are being recruited.

Read the article here 

I also wish to bring to your attention something that has to do with bias in research.

In the past I had the great opportunity to do training in Athens with Lorimer Mosely, during a break on the second day I brought to him a copy of a similar research as the above which you can read and download here http://www.reflexologiainfantil.org/.../relacions...

What is interesting is the immediate answer Lorimer gave me which was actually more of a question which you can read on the picture. It seems that many things play a role in a research and maybe the researchers in Toulouse should take this into consideration?

For us as I have said in Orthopedic Reflexology training it is of benefit for the client to have a reflexology map handy during the treatment or to take with them home. It will possibly have an effect a positive one for our treatments. Be alert! …not just any map, but the more aesthetically safe, attractive and beautiful the better.

Take care everyone!

Why is research with poor results in Reflexology NOT shared?

I know quite a few Reflexologists with a niche on research or enthusiasts who promote research with good results. I am one of them allow to me say. 
I would also like to point out that though many, not all, accuse academia of NOT publishing research with bad or poor results for various reasons, it seems that anyone has a tendency to do this. Proof of what I say is that this paper was never promoted on social media, and sometimes facebook looks like a ratrace for who will post first a just published research article or anything reflexology related on the news.
We have to be honest with ourselves and with one another, and especially before we start pointing fingers at others.

We can also see the bright side! Reflexology I believe is of benefit for various reasons, (some of which we dont even know about yet), on different levels ranging from energy to material ones. And each satisfied recipient of reflexology is benefited for one of those reasons. 
We as professionals practising the art of reflexology should investigate its vastness its many directions and depending on our individual client on their every individual treatment with us accomodate our service to their individual needs. 

Recently I read this research article 
Effect of Foot Reflexology on Capillary Blood Glucose, Tissue Temperature, and Plantar Pressure of Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2): A Pilot Study


and no significant differences were observed between groups with respect to the following analyzed variables capillary blood glucose, feet tissue temperature, and foot plantar pressure (static analysis, body sway, and dynamics analysis). 

On the bright side, especially for those interested in the bodymechanics part of our work, 
"the authors observed that after 12 sessions of the tested therapy, participants in the treated group presented more “normal” results than those of the control group regarding subvariables of the static analysis (average pressure, maximum pressure, and center of gravity distribution) and the foot-ground contact time subvariable of the dynamics analysis."

This, the authors continue, is important because "the increase in foot-ground contact time effectively contributes toward improved mobility and reduced incidence of ulcerations in the diabetic population." 

Besides what has been mentioned already the article itself creates many questions



The randomization process and the application of the reflexology intervention were carried out by the main researcher and were not disclosed to the assistant researcher, who was responsible for the evaluations. Participants were also instructed not to disclose which group they belonged to.

The application followed the principles set forth by Eunice Ingham, the first reflexologist to map out the foot’s pressure points and their corresponding effects on the rest of the organism.

The authors found no references regarding the proper sequence to be followed when administering foot reflexology. However, it is recommended that all reflex points be stimulated because the goal is to balance out the organism and apply pressure to the areas that correspond to the human body. To maintain uniformity and standardization of technique, the left foot was massaged first, followed by the right foot, stimulating pressure points according to the following pre-established sequence: joints, lateral portion, medial portion, and plantar surface.

In a quasi-experimental study developed in Spain, statistical analysis showed a significant reduction in average and maximum pressures observed after participants received foot massages. These data match that of the present study; static plantar pressures, both maximum and average, were reduced in the treated group after reflexology sessions, despite the lack of a significant difference between groups.
Analysis of static pressure also evaluated the distribution of the body’s center of gravity, which corresponds to the regions where body mass is concentrated. A 50% distribution of the center of gravity among the left, right, anterior, and posterior regions of the foot is expected, for intense asymmetry over long periods of time can cause anatomic and functional disorders, leading to spinal cord and lower limb complications.

Although there was no significant difference between groups, participants who received the tested therapy presented significant differences in the left and right regions of center of gravity distribution after 6 foot reflexology sessions. After the therapy was completed, distribution approached 50%. This result was not observed in the control group and remained constant after the 12th therapy session.

The treated group presented an increase in foot-ground contact time, which did not occur in the control group. It is understood that the longer the foot-ground contact time, the greater the area of body weight distribution on the plantar surface. Also, the increase in foot-ground contact time effectively contributes toward improved mobility and reduced incidence of ulcerations in the diabetic population.

Reflexology is shown to be clinically and statistically significant in reducing pain

Recent randomized controlled trials (RCT) which are the Gold Standard of clinical research, have shown that Reflexology was both clinically and statistically significant in reducing pain. The analgesic effects of Reflexology was shown to be between 42% to 48% more effective in reducing pain, compared to the standard of care group.

The most significant pain reduction in the reflexology group was observed among patients who had moderate‐severe baseline pain. Study participants included patients who were admitted to the general surgery department. The paper, published last year by the University of Haifa, goes on to conclude that: "Adding reflexology to standard analgesic care is effective in reducing postoperative pain at rest and in motion, especially for patients experiencing moderate to severe pain".

https://www.openpr.com/news/1853733/reflexology-is-shown-to-be-clinically-and-statistically

City Marshall is a Cardiff based reflexologist, with 22 year or clinical expertise with clients suffering from pain-related chronic and acute conditions. For further information about the clinical benefits of reflexology see the City Marshall web site here - https://www.citymarshall.co.uk/footandhandreflexolgy.html

The effect of foot reflexology on fatigue, pain, and sleep quality in lymphoma patients: A clinical trial

Highlights

•

Foot reflexology reduced fatigue in lymphoma patients.

•

Foot reflexology also decreased general and physical fatigue and improved reduced activity.

•

Foot reflexology relieved pain intensity in lymphoma patients.

•

Foot reflexology improved sleep quality in lymphoma patients.

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of reflexology on fatigue, pain, and sleep quality in lymphoma patients.

Method

This study was a randomized clinical trial with pre-post design. Seventy-two lymphoma patients admitted in hematology wards affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran in 2018 were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Patients in the intervention group underwent foot reflexology for five consecutive days. The control group received usual care. The data were collected by the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, a numerical pain scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index. Data analysis was done by the SPSS software, version 21 using ANCOVA, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon test.

Results

At baseline, both intervention and control groups were the same in terms of fatigue, pain, and sleep quality (p > 0.05). However, a significant difference was found between the two groups regarding fatigue, pain, and sleep quality after the intervention (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The results showed that reflexology could reduce fatigue and pain and improve the quality of sleep in patients with lymphoma. Considering the effectiveness of reflexology in lymphoma patients, healthcare workers including nurses are recommended to use this complementary therapy to reduce fatigue and pain and improve sleep quality in lymphoma patients.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1462388919301462?fbclid=IwAR2PKFIWPpBip_smlXaysZadwxpcu7FZvdAcA9dhfV-MLe7D8tiHHKEmjX0

Healthcare service utilization and work-related productivity in reflexology intervention for advanced breast cancer women.

Tracey Smith our Head of Reflexology Support and Research says

"This is a great piece of research from Michigan State University, to share for anyone working on site in a business. It shows (albeit a tiny study) that reflexology intervention reduced time off for hospital visits, absenteeism and presenteeism and increased workplace productivity within a group of people living with advanced breast cancer."

Luo Z1, Wang L2, Sikorskii A3, Wyatt G4.

Author information

1

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA. zluo@msu.edu.

2

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA.

3

Department of Psychiatry, Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.

4

College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

This project's purpose was to determine the effects of a home-based reflexology intervention on symptom-related use of health services and work-related productivity during the 11-week study.

METHODS:

A total of 256 patients were randomized to four weekly reflexology sessions (each lasting 30 min, delivered by lay caregivers who received two training sessions by a professional reflexologist) or attention control. The Conventional Health Service and Productivity Costs Form was used to collect information on health service utilization and out-of-pocket expenditure of symptom management. The Health and Work Performance Questionnaire was used to measure workplace performance for patients during the study period. We used weighted and unweighted logistic and linear regression analyses.

RESULTS:

Patients in the reflexology group were less likely to have hospital visits compared to the control group in the weighted unadjusted (odds ratio [OR] = 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.25, 0.97]), unweighted adjusted (OR = 0.35; 95% CI = [0.16, 0.75]), and weighted adjusted (OR = 0.30, 95% CI = [0.13, 0.66]) logistic regressions. Compared to attention control, patients in the reflexology group had lower relative absenteeism in the unweighted adjusted (- 0.32; 95% CI = [- 0.60, - 0.03]) linear regressions and less absolute presenteeism (15.42, 95% CI = [0.87, 29.98]) in the weighted unadjusted analysis.

CONCLUSION:

The reflexology intervention delivered by lay caregivers reduced hospital visits and increased workplace productivity in a short-term period, which has potential for cost saving for health care systems and employers.

TRIAL REGISTRATION:

NCT01582971.

KEYWORDS:

Breast cancer; Health service expenditure, absenteeism, presenteeism; Health service utilization; Reflexology

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30552595

Effects of aroma self-foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy

Effects of aroma self-foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, peripheral skin temperature, anxiety, and depression in gynaecologic cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: A randomised controlled trial.

Noh GO1, Park KS2.

Author information

1

College of Nursing, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea.

2

Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: kspark@cau.ac.kr.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) can interfere with activities of daily living and can negatively affect symptoms. Thus, this study aimed to develop and implement an aroma self-foot reflexology regimen based on Cox's Interaction Model of Client Health Behaviour (IMCHB) as an intervention that can be self-performed at home and at any time. The effects of aroma self-foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, peripheral skin temperature, anxiety, and depression were examined in patients with gynaecologic cancer who were undergoing chemotherapy.

METHODS:

This randomized controlled trial included 32 experimental and 31 control patients with CIPN. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires (CIPN assessment tool, HADS). In the experimental group, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral skin temperature, anxiety, and depression were measured before and after aroma self-foot reflexology therapy for 6 weeks. The control group was provided with identical aroma self-foot reflexology training 6 weeks later and underwent the intervention at that time.

RESULTS:

The intervention resulted in lower levels of symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, less interference with activities (p < .001), and higher peripheral skin temperature level (p < .001). Anxiety and depression decreased in the experimental group (p < .001). The ratio of borderline and definite cases of anxiety and depression did not differ between groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

An aroma self-foot reflexology intervention can reduce CIPN, anxiety, and depression in gynaecologic cancer patients. Further research is required to assess the effects of differences in the content of the intervention and the effects of various numbers of applications and durations of applications based on each individual patient's condition.

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sinusitis and Reflexology Research Tromso

To investigate the effect of alternative treatment

"We must stop the unnecessary use of antibiotics," says Professor.

Next week, a project will begin to determine if using foot therapy can dampen the symptoms of sinusitis.

The work will take place at Nøtterøy Nursing Center, in collaboration with a physician from Vestskogen Medical Center. All of this will be governed by the research community from the University of Tromsø.

https://www.nrk.no/vestfold/skal-sjekke-om-fotsoneterapi-kan-hjelpe-mot-bihulebetennelse-1.13700602

Why it’s so hard to figure out if acupuncture actually works

...or reflexology for that matter?

The researchers ask a simple question: if most of the recommended treatments fail to meet this threshold, why is acupuncture excluded while arguably more invasive procedures are included? But as patients, we should perhaps be asking a different question. Why are we being recommended procedures that don’t work?

http://www.popsci.com/does-acupuncture-work

They cannot recruit caregivers... is this a good thing?

In short I have been following the work of Gwen Wyatt right from the beginning.

Her research has been of benefit to all an undeniable fact.

Read here 

But after her initial research she went a step further in her research where 

"The objective of this work was to design and create a robotic reflexology device that would deliver a breast cancer-specific reflexology protocol to the feet of patients."

Understanding the role of stimulation in reflexology: development and testing of a robotic device.

This in the beginning did not sound good to me...

"What is she doing, she will take us out of buisness!"

Recently she tried to recruit caregivers to offer the Reflexology but this proved to be difficult.

RESULTS:

Almost one-third of patients were found to be ineligible due to the lack of a caregiver to participate with them and provide this form of social support. Among eligible patients, the consent rate for this dyadic study is much lower than that of previous RCTs of reflexologist-delivered reflexology that enrolled just patients, not dyads.

CONCLUSION:

Implications for nursing practice and research include addressing the need for greater social support for patients and strategies for problem-solving refusal reasons during study enrollment.

Dyadic recruitment in complementary therapy studies: experience from a clinical trial of caregiver-delivered reflexology.

Abstract here

Certainly raises a lot of questions regarding the application of reflexology and our profession!

Hope you dwell on them!

Here is Gwen explaing what reflexology is...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lDg0ZMqr4-4

Wyatt, PhD, RN, Professor, College of Nursing, Michigan State University, describes reflexology treatment for patients with breast cancer.

Reflexology is not massage, it is a specific pressure most commonly applied to the foot. The thumb-walking motion across the reflexes located on the foot provides a "good hurt" with firm pressure, Wyatt says.

The deep pressure from reflexology should not be painful and does not cause tissue damage. If done correctly, a patient should help to monitor pain, as they should be receiving benefit on reflexes without pain.

http://nursing.onclive.com/oncnurse-tv/Gwen-Wyatt-on-Reflexology-Treatment-for-Breast-Cancer

The effect of foot reflexology applied to women aged between 40 and 60 on vasomotor complaints and quality of life

The latest research paper demonstrates that reflexology may be effective in decreasing hot flushes, sweats and night sweats for menopausal women. In this study 120 women were randomized to receive either reflexology or non-specific foot massage. The experimental group received two sessions of reflexology once a week for six weeks each lasting 1.5hrs. 25mins of reflexology was followed by a

1.5hr break and then a further 25mins of reflexology. The control group received non-specific foot massage following the same time frame as for the treatment group. Results conclude that reflexology decreases menopausal hot flashes, sweats and night sweats and had a positive effect on quality of life in physical, psychosocial and sexual dimensions.

http://www.ctcpjournal.com/article/S1744-3881(16)30043-3/abstract

Reflexology: Emerging Evidence Points to Health Benefits

She (Mueller) also said: “Personally, I have
been privately hired to come to hospital settings for reflexology
for cardiac, stroke, and other health problems, by physician
prescription, with positive outcomes. I see reflexology
becoming a utilized tool anywhere within health care, sports,
dance and work settings where relaxation and/or restoration
are needed.” Wyatt contributed that, in the future, she hopes
to see integrative therapy centers that include reflexology
services become incorporated into hospitals and health care
agencies. “Reflexology is ideal for such integration since
it is noninvasive, and soothing, and has an evidence base,”
Wyatt said.

article 
http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/act.2015.29000.jh

Foot massage: effectiveness on postoperative pain in breast surgery patients.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24882025

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of foot massage on pain after breast surgery, and provide guidance for nurses in nonpharmacologic interventions for pain relief. This was a quasiexperimental study with a total of 70 patients who had undergone breast surgery (35 in the experimental group and 35 in the control group). Patients in the control group received only analgesic treatment, whereas those in the experimental group received foot massage in addition to analgesic treatment. Patients received the first dose of analgesics during surgery. As soon as patients came from the operating room, they were evaluated for pain severity. Patients whose pain severity scored ≥4 according to the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire were accepted into the study. In the experimental group, pain and vital signs (arterial blood pressure, pulse, and respiration) were evaluated before foot massage at the time patients complained about pain (time 0) and then 5, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after foot massage. In the control group, pain and vital signs were also evaluated when the patients complained about pain (time 0) and again at 5, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes, in sync with the times when foot massage was completed in the experimental group. A patient information form was used to collect descriptive characteristics data of the patients, and the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire was used to determine pain severity. Data were analyzed for frequencies, mean, standard deviation, chi-square, Student t, Pillai trace, and Bonferroni test. The results of the statistical analyses showed that patients in the experimental group experienced significantly less pain (p ≤ .001). Especially notable, patients in the experimental group showed a decrease in all vital signs 5 minutes after foot massage, but patients in the control group showed increases in vital signs except for heart rate at 5 minutes. The data obtained showed that foot massage in breast surgery patients was effective in postoperative pain management.

Copyright © 2014 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Reflexology research

Ever wondered about research?

This link leads you to the March 2013 RiEN Newsletter dedicated to Research.

http://us2.campaign-archive2.com/?u=296870962d9323fb7128f8891&id=00326be112&e=6eeca1830e

It was written by Tracey Smith (UK, AoR - RiEN Research group) and the Network thanks her for this!

Reflexology research

Is research the answer to advancing Reflexology?

Besides lack of funding, lack of trained Reflexologists to conduct research, the bias, problems in having a control group, have a look into another problem of current research.


http://www.ted.com/talks/ben_goldacre_what_doctors_don_t_know_about_the_drugs_they_prescribe.html

Optical, Spectroscopic, and Doppler Evaluation of “Normal” and “Abnormal” Reflexology Areas in Lumbar Vertebral Pathology: A Case Study

Abstract

Scientific validation of reflexology requires an in-depth and noninvasive evaluation of “reflexology/reflex areas” in health and disease. The present paper reports the differential properties of “normal” and “abnormal” reflexology areas related to the lumbar vertebrae in a subject suffering from low back pain. The pathology is supported by radiological evidence. The reflexology target regions were clinically assessed with respect to colour and tenderness in response to finger pressure. Grey scale luminosity and pain intensity, as assessed by visual analogue scale scores, differentiated “normal” from “abnormal” skin. Skin swept source-optical coherence tomography recorded their structural differences. Infrared thermography revealed temperature variations. A laser Doppler study using a combined microcirculation and transcutaneous oxygen monitoring system indicated alterations in blood flow and oxygen perfusion. Raman spectroscopy showed differences in chemical signatures between these areas. The present findings may indicate a potential correlation between the reflexology areas and subsurface pathological changes, showing an association with the healthy or unhealthy status of the lumbar vertebrae.

Examples of a few “abnormal” reflexology areas (RAs) with abnormal skin colour, swelling (convexity), and hollowness (concavity) formations. (a) Reddish brown colour on the RAs of pancreas (head), lumbar vertebrae, and knee-hip-sciatic

 

 

 

 

 

 

In locating the lumbar RAs, the reflexology map established by Eunice Ingham D. Stophel was used [24, 27]. These RAs were charted on the bilateral medial feet. The scheme of locating the RAs is illustrated in Figure 2. For this purpose one may draw two imaginary lines (AB and CD) perpendicular to each other as shown in Figure 2. The straight line AB originates from the tip of the big toe and ends at calcaneus and the other (CD) is drawn from medial malleolus to below sustentaculum tali. The junction of these two lines formed the centroid (E) of a rectangle (abcd). The rectangle “abcd” represents RA of the lumbar vertebrae (right hand side). Identically

one may draw a similar rectangle on the left foot to

locate the RA of the lumbar vertebrae (left hand side).

More - Research Article 
Noninvasive Characterisation of Foot Reflexology Areas by Swept Source-Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Low Back Pain

Michigan State University researcher offers the strongest evidence yet that reflexology can help cancer patients manage their symptoms and perform daily tasks.

Τα αποτελέσματα μιας έρευνας που παρακολουθούμε καιρό επιτέλους δημοσιεύτηκαν.
Η Gwen Wyatt δήλωσε: Πρόκειται για το πρώτο βήμα στο να κατευθύνουμε μία συμπληρωματική θεραπεία (την Ρεφλεξολογία) από φροντίδα "περιθωρίου" σε επικράτουσα/ενσωματωμένη φροντίδα."

Επίσης είπε ότι εξεπλάγην ότι οι επίδρασεις της Ρεφλεξολογίας που παρουσιάστηκαν ήταν κυρίως σωματικές και όχι ψυχολογικές.: "Δεν είχαμε την αλλαγή που αναμέναμε με τα συναισθηματικά συμπτώματα όπως το άγχος και την κατάθλιψη, τα πιο εντυπωσιακά που άλλαξαν ήταν τα σωματικά συμπτώματα." 

 Απροσδόκητη ήταν η μειωμένη κόπωση που καταγράφηκε από όσους δέχτηκαν το "placebo" foot massage, ιδιαίτερα η ομάδα που δέχτηκε Ρεφλεξολογία δεν έδειξε ομοίως σημαντική βελτίωση.
Η Wyatt εξερευνά εάν η "μάλαξη" - (sic) παρόμοια στην Ρεφλεξολογία  όταν εφαρμόζεται από τους "φροντιστές υγείας" των ογκολογικών ασθενών σε αντίθεση με πιστοποιημένους Ρεφλεξολόγους, αποτελέσει απλή και οικονομική επιλογή.

The results of a research we have been following a long time now have finally been published.

 "ScienceDaily (Nov. 13, 2012) Reflexology: Ancient Foot Massage Technique May Ease Cancer Symptoms and here, here, here.

Gwen Wyatt said. "This is the first step toward moving a complementary therapy from fringe care to mainstream care."

Wyatt said she was surprised to find that reflexology's effects appeared to be primarily physical, not psychological.
"We didn't get the change we might have expected with the emotional symptoms like anxiety and depression," she said. "The most significant changes were documented with the physical symptoms."

Also unexpected was the reduced fatigue reported by those who received the "placebo" foot massage, particularly since the reflexology group did not show similarly significant improvement. Wyatt is now researching whether massage similar to reflexology performed by cancer patients' friends and family, as opposed to certified reflexologists, might be a simple and inexpensive treatment option.

Among her other findings:

• The therapies with the highest mean spending (acupuncture and therapeutic touch at $45) were used by very few women, while vitamins, massage and homeopathy had an average total spending of $19.78 to $38.54 and were frequently used.
• Women without at least some college education were less likely to use CAM therapies.
• Employed women were more likely to use different types of therapies.
• Women reported greater use of therapies that required fewer sessions.

Congratulations and appreciation to Gwen Wyatt and co-authors are in order!

Wyatt's co-authors include MSU statistics and probability professor Alla Sikorskii and College of Nursing research assistant Mei You, along with colleagues from Northwestern University and the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.

There is a matter of possible inaccurate Reflexology history, but this is of minor importance compared to the research paper and conclusions.

18/11/2012 Something "smells" bad here, there seems to be a conflict of interests inside Michigan State University. All in contrast of the interests - (possible) benefits of the patients!!!!! Possible link with this.

20/11/12 - Look what fellow Reflexologists found:

Amy Kreydin

Look what Karen Ball found! A heated Reflexology path at Michigan State University. I love that Reflexology appears to have taken MSU by storm. :-)

Granger Construction Company .

 

 Gwen Wyatt, professor in the MSU College of Nursing, studies complementary treatments to improve quality of life for women with breast cancer. Photo by G.L. Kohuth.

MSU's Bott Building for Nursing Education and Research features a reflexology path that students, staff, faculty and visitors can walk to relieve stress and improve overall health. Photo by G.L. Kohuth.